Dr Feryal Akay | Biomaterials | Best Researcher Award

Dr Feryal Akay | Biomaterials | Best Researcher Award

Dr. Feryal Akay is a PhD graduate in Chemistry from Dicle University (2023), specializing in human immunoglobulin G glycation and the effects of Morus nigra leaf extract on DNA glycation. She has participated in key national projects and has contributed to high-impact publications in journals like Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics (2025) and Indian Journal of Biochemistry and Biophysics (2024). With experience as an Ar-Ge specialist at Labixir, Dr. Akay is deeply committed to advancing glycation research and is a strong candidate for the Best Researcher Award. 📚🧬🌿

Dr Feryal Akay, University of Dicle, Turkey

Profile

ORCID

SCOPUS

Education🎓

Dr. Feryal Akay completed her PhD in Chemistry at Dicle University in 2023, with a thesis on the glycation of human immunoglobulin G and its impact on antigen binding, supervised by Prof. Dr. Göksel Kızıl and Prof. Dr. Beran Yokuş. She also earned her Master’s in Chemistry from the same university in 2018, focusing on the effects of Morus nigra leaf ethanol extract on DNA glycation. Dr. Akay completed her Bachelor’s degree in Chemistry in 2015 at Dicle University’s Faculty of Science. 🎓🧪📜

Experience🩺

Dr. Feryal Akay worked as an Ar-Ge (Research and Development) Specialist at Labixir, a pharmaceutical analysis laboratory, from November 2021 to August 2022. In this role, she contributed to various research and development projects, specializing in pharmaceutical analysis and innovative techniques in the field. Her work involved analyzing and improving the efficacy of pharmaceutical products, contributing to the advancement of the pharmaceutical industry. Dr. Akay’s experience in this commercial sector allowed her to apply her academic expertise in a practical, real-world environment, further enhancing her skill set in both research and pharmaceutical development. 💊🔬🧪

Certificate 🏅

Dr. Feryal Akay has earned several prestigious certificates for her participation in international conferences. She attended the 1st International Multidisciplinary Cancer Research Congress held at Dicle University in Diyarbakır from 18-22 September 2019. She also participated in the INESEC 2018, The International Engineering Natural Science Conference, from 14-17 November 2018. Additionally, Dr. Akay presented a Oral Presentation at the 6th International Congress on Pharmaceutical Chemistry in Antalya/Belek, held by Atatürk University and the Chemists Association, from 22-25 March 2018. 🏅🎓🌍📚

Research Focus 🔬

Dr. Feryal Akay’s research primarily focuses on glycation and its impact on immune function. Her studies explore how fructose-derived glycation affects antigen binding in human IgG and lymphocytes, aiming to better understand the role of glycation in immune responses (Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 2025). Additionally, Dr. Akay has investigated the inhibitory effects of Morus nigra leaf extract on DNA glycation and its potential in preventing advanced glycation end products (Indian Journal of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 2024). Her work also includes the antiglycative effects of Capsicum annuum (chili) and pyridoxamine in experimental diabetes models (Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, 2023). 🌱🧬🔬

Publications📚

Fructose-derived glycation and immune function: Effects on antigen binding in human IgG and lymphocytes 🧬

  • Authors: Feryal Akay, Nesrin İnceören, Cemal Nas, Beran Yokuş, Göksel Kızıl, Murat Kızıl
  • Journal: Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics

Evaluation of ethanol extract of Morus nigra L. as an inhibitory agent for DNA-Advanced glycation end product (DNA-AGEs) 🍃

  • Authors: Feryal Akay
  • Journal: Indian Journal of Biochemistry and Biophysics

Antiglycative Effect of Combination of Extracts of Capsicum annuum (chilli) and Pyridoxamine Against Glycation in Streptozotocin-induced Experimental Diabetes in Rats 🌶️

  • Authors: Nesrin İnceören, Feryal Akay, Cemal Nas, Engin Deveci, Göksel Kızıl, Murat Kızıl
  • Journal: Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

Determination Of Antioxidant Activity of Dietary Selenium, Oleuropein, Glutathione Mixture 🥗

  • Authors: Feryal Akay, Göksel Kızıl
  • Journal: European Journal of Technic

Prof Yongfeng Li | Biomaterials | Best Researcher Award

Prof Yongfeng Li | Biomaterials | Best Researcher Award

Prof Yongfeng Li, Forestry College of Shandong Agricultural University, China

Prof. Yongfeng Li, a leading researcher in Wood Science and Technology, holds a Ph.D. from Northeast Forestry University, China. With international experience as a visiting scholar at the University of Maryland and FPInnovations in Canada, he excels in polymer-wood composites, nanotechnology, and sustainable materials. Prof. Li’s groundbreaking research is published in high-impact journals like Nature and ACS Applied Nano Materials. He holds numerous patents, including innovative wood treatments, and has received prestigious awards such as the Shenzong Qi Wood Award. As a project leader and editorial board member, he combines academic excellence with impactful innovation. 🌱🏆📚.

Publication Profile

SCOPUS

ORCID

Academic and Experience 🎓

Prof. Yongfeng Li has a distinguished educational background and professional experience in Wood Science and Technology. He earned his Ph.D. (2008-2012), Master’s (2005-2008), and Bachelor’s (2001-2005) degrees from Northeast Forestry University, China. Prof. Li expanded his expertise through international exposure as a Visiting Scholar at the University of Maryland (2016-2017) in Material Science and Engineering and at FPInnovations in Canada (2011-2012), focusing on wood modification. This blend of advanced education and global experience underpins his leadership in wood science, sustainable materials, and innovative research, cementing his reputation as a prominent figure in his field. 🌳🔬🌍

Accolades and Recognition 🥇

Prof. Yongfeng Li has received numerous prestigious awards and honors throughout his illustrious career. 🌟 In 2019, he became an Editorial Board Member of Advances in Materials. 📘 In 2018, he earned third prize for “National Ecological Civilization & E-Teaching Achievements” 🌍 and was named “Pacemaker to Young Post Expert” at Shandong Agricultural University. 🏅 His first prize in the “Micro-Lecture Competition for Agriculture and Forestry Majors” followed in the same year. 📚 Earlier, he received honors like the Jiangsu High-Level Talent Plan (2015) 💼 and the “SHENZONGQI” Wood Science Paper Prize (2012). 📜 His academic journey is decorated with multiple scholarships, teaching awards, and leadership recognitions. 🎓✨

Scientific and Technological Achievement🌱🏆

Yongfeng Li, Xiaoying Dong, and collaborators have made significant contributions to wood hybrid materials and coatings through patented innovations. A notable patent (ZL201610114880.4) describes a superhydrophobic, oleophobic, antifungal, antibacterial, fire-retardant, and weather-resistant wood modifier, transferred on 30 November 2017 for ¥330,000. Another patent (ZL201610114670.5) covers waterborne wood coatings modified by 2D graphene oxide and 1D nanocellulose, transferred on 1 September 2020 for ¥100,000. Innovative nanoclay (ZL201210287368.1) and POSS (ZL201210287595.4) infiltration methods for hybrid nanocomposites were also patented, transferred in 2020 and 2021, respectively, each for ¥100,000. These advancements highlight breakthroughs in sustainable, functional materials. 🌱🔬✨

Book/Chapter📖

Yongfeng Li has contributed significantly to the field of composite materials and biopolymer grafting through key book chapters. In Advances in Composite Materials – Analysis of Natural and Man-made Materials (2011), Chapter 9 explores “Wood-Polymer Composites,” highlighting innovative approaches to material enhancement (ISBN: 978-953-307-449-8). Additionally, in Biopolymer Grafting: Applications (2017), co-authored with Xiaoying Dong, Chapter 11 delves into “Grafting Modification of Wood for High Performance,” showcasing advancements in biopolymer applications (ISBN: 978-0-12-810462-0). Published by INTECH and Elsevier, these works underscore groundbreaking insights into sustainable and high-performance materials. 📚🌱✨.

Contributions and Research Focus 🔬

Prof. Yongfeng Li’s research primarily revolves around wood science and sustainable materials engineering. He specializes in wood reinforcement and stabilization, polymer-wood composites, and nanotechnology applications. His work includes innovations like epoxy-acrylic polymer filling for wood strengthening, graphene oxide-enhanced coatings, and vacuum-thermo treatments for dimensional stability. Prof. Li’s research also explores environmentally friendly structural materials, such as laminated poplar veneer lumber and in-situ polymerized wood panels. His contributions significantly advance sustainable construction materials, mechanical property enhancement, and green engineering solutions, bridging the gap between academia and industrial applications. 🌱🏗️🧪

Publication Top Notes📄✨

Current utilization of waste biomass as filler for wood adhesives: A review

Enhancing the Mechanical Properties of Waterborne Polyurethane Paint by Graphene Oxide for Wood Products

Acrylic Resin Filling Cell Lumen Enabled Laminated Poplar Veneer Lumber as Structural Building Material

Nanocellulose-reinforced polyurethane as flexible coating for cork floor

Acetylated nanocellulose reinforced hydroxypropyl starch acetate realizing polypropylene replacement for green packaging application

AgCu Nanoparticles as an Antibacterial Coating for Wood

Epoxy-Acrylic Polymer In-Situ Filling Cell Lumen and Bonding Cell Wall for Wood Reinforcement and Stabilization

 

Dr Markus Laubach | Biomaterials | Best Researcher Award

Dr Markus Laubach | Biomaterials | Best Researcher Award

Dr Markus Laubach, LMU University Hospital Munich, Germany

Dr. Markus Laubach 🎓🩺 is a distinguished researcher in orthopaedics and medical innovation. Holding a Ph.D. in preclinical assessment of novel medical devices, an MBA in Healthcare Management, and certifications in emergency medicine, he combines clinical expertise with research excellence. 🏥🔬 His groundbreaking work focuses on scaffold-guided bone regeneration, 3D-printed implants, and bone grafting techniques, published in top journals like Biomaterials Science and Scientific Reports. 💡📚 Dr. Laubach has secured over EUR 350,000 in grants and won prestigious awards, including the Best Poster Award at DKOU 2023. 🌍 He actively collaborates globally, advancing orthopaedic trauma care. 🦴✨

Publication Profile

Orcid

Scopus

Education and Training🎓

Dr. Markus Laubach 🎓 began his educational journey at Stefan-George-Gymnasium, earning his Abitur in 2007 🎒. He trained as a paramedic 🚑 at Arbeiter-Samariter-Bund in 2008. He pursued Medicine 🩺 at Maastricht University (2010–2016) and earned his Dr. med. from Charité Berlin in 2019 📚, focusing on brain aging and executive functioning 🧠. Further, he specialized in Emergency Medicine 🚨 and completed his Ph.D. at QUT 🦴 (2020–2023), researching bone graft aspirator devices. Recently, he earned an MBA 🎓 in Health Care Management 🏥. Currently, he advances orthopaedic research at LMU Munich through the prestigious Feodor Lynen Fellowship 🌍.

Professional Experience💼

Dr. Markus Laubach 🩺 has extensive professional experience in orthopaedics and trauma surgery. He is currently a Resident at the LMU University Hospital 🏥, Musculoskeletal University Center Munich (2023–present). Previously, he worked as a Resident at RWTH Aachen University Hospital (2016–2020) 🦴, advancing his surgical expertise. Dr. Laubach further honed his skills in medtech commercialization through The BridgeTech Program 🌐 in Australia (2021–2022). His medical journey began as a Paramedic 🚑 with organizations like Malteser Hilfsdienst (2011–2016), Arbeiter Samariter Bund (2009–2010), and DRK Rettungsdienst GmbH (2008–2009), reflecting his dedication to emergency medical care and patient well-being 🤝.

Research Focus Area 🌱🧬

Markus Laubach is a researcher specializing in biomaterials, bone regeneration, and spinal surgery innovations. His work primarily focuses on advancing implants, scaffolds, and bone grafts for clinical applications, particularly in lumbar spinal fusion and bone defect treatments. He is involved in designing 3D printable, patient-specific bioresorbable bone scaffolds to promote bone regeneration. Laubach’s research extends to the development of novel bone graft harvesting techniques and the assessment of biodegradable interbody cages. His work intersects with orthopaedic trauma, regenerative medicine, and biomechanics. 🦴🧬🩺

Memberships

Dr. Markus Laubach is an active member of several prestigious medical and research organizations. He is affiliated with AO Trauma 🦵, focusing on advancing trauma care, and the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie (DGOU) 🇩🇪, which promotes orthopedic and trauma surgery excellence. He also participates in the Gesellschaft für Extremitätenverlängerung und -rekonstruktion (GEVR) 🦴, dedicated to extremity reconstruction. Additionally, Dr. Laubach is a member of the Orthopaedic Research Society (ORS) 🔬 and the Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine International Society (TERMIS) 🌍, contributing to cutting-edge research in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

Awards🏆

Dr. Markus Laubach has received notable recognition for his scientific contributions. In 2023, he was awarded the Best Poster Award at the DKOU 2023 in Berlin 🏆. His research has attracted competitive grants, including EUR 182,022.36 from the Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung for a clinical study on tibial transverse callus distraction in diabetic foot ulcer patients 💉, and EUR 39,600 from the Feodor Lynen Return Fellowship 🏅. Dr. Laubach also secured funding from the Volkswagen Foundation (EUR 38,000) and Clive & Vera Ramaciotti Foundation (AUD 130,000) for innovative bone defect treatments using 3D-printed scaffolds.

Publication Top Notes📄✨

Advances in implants and bone graft types for lumbar spinal fusion surgery

Modular design workflow for 3D printable bioresorbable patient-specific bone scaffolds: extended features and clinical validation.

Preclinical assessment of a novel aspirator device for intramedullary bone graft harvesting

Lost in translation: the lack of agreement between surgeons and scientists regarding biomaterials research and innovation for treating bone defects

An innovative intramedullary bone graft harvesting concept as a fundamental component of scaffold-guided bone regeneration: A preclinical in vivo validation

Chirurg*innen vs. Wissenschaftler*innen – Mind the Gap! DKOU Science-Slam 2023: Umfragestudie zu Biomaterialien bei Knochendefekten [Surgeons vs. scientists—Mind the gap!: Survey study on biomaterials for bone defects]

How framing bias impacts preferences for innovation in bone tissue engineering

Semi-automated scaffold design workflow to facilitate clinical translation of scaffold guided bone regeneration

The development of a modular design workflow for 3D printable bioresorbable patient-specific bone scaffolds to facilitate clinical translation

Histological and Immunohistochemical Characterization of Osteoimmunological Processes in Scaffold-Guided Bone Regeneration in an Ovine Large Segmental Defect Model

Conclusion

Dr. Markus Laubach’s robust academic foundation, exceptional research achievements, successful funding track record, and dedication to clinical translation make him an excellent candidate for the Best Researcher Award. His work directly addresses critical gaps in bone defect treatments, contributing both to scientific innovation and practical healthcare advancements.

Ahmed Bhran | Biomaterials | Best Researcher Award

Ahmed Bhran | Biomaterials | Best Researcher Award

Prof. Dr Ahmed Bhran, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Saudi Arabia

Prof. Dr. Ahmed Bhran is an accomplished academic and researcher in chemical and petroleum engineering. He completed his B.Sc. in Petroleum Refining Engineering in 1997, followed by a Master’s and Ph.D. from INPL, France (2007-2011). With positions ranging from Assistant Professor to full Professor at the Faculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Egypt, and an associate professorship at Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Saudi Arabia, since 2016, his expertise spans teaching and impactful research. His work includes process simulation, energy efficiency, and sustainable solutions, making him a strong contender for the “Best Researcher Award.” 🌍🔬📚

Publication Profile

Orcid

Scopus

Educational Background 🎓

Prof. Dr. Ahmed Bhran’s academic journey showcases dedication and global expertise in chemical and petroleum engineering. Starting with his bachelor’s degree from Chabas Emeir Secondary School, Egypt (1990-1992), he earned a B.Sc. in Petroleum Refining Engineering (1992-1997) and completed military service (1998-1999). From 1999-2003, he pursued an M.Sc. and served as a Demonstrator in Chemical Engineering. His career advanced with a Ph.D. from INPL, France (2007-2011). He held roles from Assistant Lecturer to Professor at Egypt’s Faculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering (2003-present) and has been an Associate Professor at Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Saudi Arabia since 2016. 🌍🔬👨‍🏫

Teaching Experience💼📚

Prof. Dr. Ahmed Bhran is a seasoned educator with extensive teaching experience across various scientific courses in the Faculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering and other engineering faculties in Egypt. His expertise covers fundamental and advanced topics, including chemical engineering principles, heat transfer, and separation processes. He adeptly teaches mass transfer operations, petrochemicals, and polymer science. His curriculum extends to chemical reaction engineering, petroleum refining, natural gas processing, and the evaluation and analysis of crude oil and its products. Dr. Bhran’s comprehensive instruction shapes the next generation of engineers in these vital sectors. 🧪📚👨‍🏫💡🌍

Training Experience 📚🌐

Dr. Ahmed A. Bhran possesses extensive experience as a trainer in the chemical, oil, gas, and petrochemical industries, delivering specialized training courses for industry professionals. His expertise includes diverse topics such as chemical selection for oil and gas treatment, advances in ethylene, propylene, and polymer technologies, and water treatment processes. He offers in-depth training in polymerization techniques, corrosion control, natural gas processing, and troubleshooting operations. Dr. Bhran’s courses also cover heat exchangers, distillation, compressors, and pumps, alongside pressure vessel design, valve technology, and pipeline maintenance. His training imparts critical skills for enhancing operational efficiency and equipment management. 🛢️🔧📚🌐

Research Works🔬📖

Dr. Ahmed Bhran’s Ph.D. thesis focused on developing smart photochromic fibers and films by incorporating spiropyran into polyurethane elastomers. This innovation aimed to create intelligent materials for biomedical textiles and sportswear, enabling optical measurements to monitor skin pressure in medical settings and support athlete recovery. The work included modeling the relation between mechanical properties and photochromic activity. His M.Sc. research explored the rheology of untreated fuel oils with various paraffin/asphaltene content, using viscometric tests to determine non-Newtonian flow behavior and effects of flow improvers. Both studies combined practical applications and complex modeling. 🧪📘👕🛢️

Research Focus Area 🌱🧬

Dr. Ahmed A. Bhran’s research primarily focuses on chemical engineering with a strong emphasis on petroleum refining, natural gas processing, and petrochemical engineering. His studies cover topics such as process simulation and optimization, hydrotreating, polymer science, and enhancement of refinery processes. He also explores environmental and safety aspects, such as water quality management and process safety assessment. Dr. Bhran’s work in mathematical modeling and simulation aims at improving industrial efficiency and sustainability. His contributions span applications in fuel oil rheology, membrane technologies, and biofuel production. 🌍🛢️🧪📊

Publication Top Notes📄✨

Optimum Planning of Carbon Capture and Storage Network Using Goal Programming

Analysis Study of Available Alternatives for Mitigation of Aromatic Hydrocarbon Emissions from a Glycol Dehydration Unit

Simultaneous Synthesis of Single- and Multiple-Contaminant Water Networks Using LINGO and Excel Software

Management of physical and chemical water quality in Kotchener drain (Kafr El Sheikh, Egypt)

New Approach for Designing an Optimum and Flexible Heat Exchanger Network

Optimum rescheduling of water networks for batch processes using a goal programming technique

Designing Water Inter-Plant Networks of Single and Multiple Contaminants through Mathematical Programming

Optimum Design of Naphtha Recycle Isomerization Unit with Modification by Adding De-Isopentanizer

Conclusion 🔍

Prof. Dr. Ahmed Bhran’s career is marked by significant advancements in petroleum refining, chemical engineering, and applied research aimed at improving environmental and industrial processes. His continuous contributions through publications, innovative research in energy and environmental engineering, and substantial teaching experience underscore his suitability for the “Best Researcher Award.” His work not only enriches academic understanding but also offers practical solutions to modern engineering challenges.

Vinutha Moses | Biomaterials | Biomaterials Excellence

Vinutha Moses | Biomaterials | Biomaterials Excellence

Dr Vinutha Moses, RV College of Engineering, India

Dr. Vinutha Moses is a dedicated researcher and educator in biomaterials and chemical engineering, with extensive experience as an Assistant Professor at R.V. College of Engineering and Sapthagiri College of Engineering. Her work focuses on sustainable materials, innovative biomaterials, and eco-friendly solutions. Key publications include studies on bio-resins from organic waste, nanotechnology in water treatment, and high-strength cellulose resins for wood composites. Actively engaged in conferences and workshops, she continually enhances her expertise in AI, sustainable technologies, and biomaterial applications. Her strong academic background and commitment to sustainable innovation make her a valuable contributor to biomaterials research. 🌱🔬📚

Publication Profile

GoogleScholar

Orcid

Educational Background 🎓

Dr. Vinutha Moses holds an MSc(Res) and is pursuing a Ph.D. in Chemical Engineering from RV College of Engineering, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. Her advanced studies emphasize the development of sustainable and innovative materials, highlighting her expertise in chemical processes and biomaterials. Her academic background is grounded in rigorous research and applications that bridge chemical engineering with environmental sustainability. This educational foundation supports her ongoing contributions to the field, aligning with her broader interests in eco-friendly solutions and innovative research. Dr. Moses’ qualifications reflect her commitment to academic excellence and impactful research. 🎓🔬🌱

Current Role and Focus 💼

Dr. Vinutha Moses has extensive teaching experience in chemical engineering, having worked as an Assistant Professor at R.V. College of Engineering since 2016 and Sapthagiri College of Engineering from 2012 to 2016. She has also served as a Lecturer in various institutions, including R.V. College of Engineering (2007), Nijaiingappa Educational Centre (2002-2003), and Good Wills Polytechnical College (2001-2002). In addition to her academic roles, she has coordinated technical and non-technical events, showcasing her leadership and organizational skills. Dr. Moses’ diverse teaching career reflects her dedication to education and research in chemical engineering. 👩‍🏫🔬📚

Research Focus Area 🌱🧬

Dr. Vinutha Moses’ research primarily focuses on biomaterials, sustainable materials, and environmental applications of chemical engineering. Her work includes the development of bio-resins from organic waste for high-strength composites, wastewater treatment using nanotechnology and microbial fuel cells, and exploring eco-friendly solutions like bio-based polymers and biofuels. She has also researched advanced applications in oil recovery, including microbial enhancement and biosurfactants. With a strong background in nanotechnology, her work spans the intersections of sustainability, chemical engineering, and innovative biomaterials for environmental impact. 🌱🔬💡

Participation at National/International Conference 🎓🌍

Dr. Vinutha Moses has actively contributed to various international conferences, showcasing her expertise in sustainable engineering and technology. She presented on “Integrated Waste Management Systems” at the International Conference on Sustainable Environment and Engineering (ICSEE’19) in 2019. Additionally, her work on “Nanotechnology as Antibacterial and Heavy Metal Removal in Wastewater Treatment” was featured at the International Conference on Sustainable Engineering and Technology (iConset 2018). Her contributions also include the development of bio-resins from organic waste for high-strength composites and research on electroless gold plating bath. Dr. Moses’ research continues to impact both environmental and material sciences. 🌍🔬♻️

Publication Top Notes📄✨

Microbial hydraulic acid fracturing

Economical synthesis of oxygen to combat the COVID-19 pandemic

Hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) a high strength cellulose resin for wood composite laminates

Development of a bio-resin from organic waste and its application to make high strength composites

Biological synthesis of copper nanoparticles and its impact

Phytochemical profile, antibacterial and antidiabetic effects of crude aqueous leaf extract of Datura stramonium

Production of biofuel from micro algae (Chlorella pyrenoidosa) using vertical reactor system and effect of nitrogen on growth and lipid content

Use of Keratin Present in Chicken Feather as a Hydrogen Storage Material: A Review

Wastewater Treatment Using Anaerobic Fluidized Bed Membrane Bioreactor Coupled with Microbial Fuel Cells for Circular Economy

Conclusion 🔍

Dr. Vinutha Moses’ combination of academic roles, publication record, conference participation, and continuous professional development makes her well-suited for contributing to Research for Biomaterials Excellence. Her deep understanding of chemical engineering principles, applied research in sustainable materials, and active engagement in educational and research initiatives position her as a strong candidate for leading and collaborating on innovative biomaterials projects.